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DBMS BCA Unit-4 Theory of Normalization Need of Normalization Constraints Relational State Redundancy of Data Update, Insert, Delete Anomalies Functional Dependance Decomposition First Normal Form (1NF) Second Normal Form (2NF) Dependency Diagram - 2NF Now Relation is in 2NF Student Relation 2NF to 3NF Student Relation 2NF to 3NF Continue Dependency Diagram - 3NF Third Normal Form (3NF) BCNF with Example Dependency Diagram - BCNF Normalization Data Redundancy Update Anomalies Desirable Decomposition Functional Dependency Process of Normalization Unnormalized Form First Normal Form (1NF) UNF to 1NF Second Normal Form (2NF) 1NF to 2NF Third Normal Form (3NF) 2NF to 3NF BCNF 3NF to BCNF Normalization Process Example Normalization - Functional Dependencies Database File Indexing Techniques Types of Single-Level Ordered Indexes Primary Indexes Clustering Indexes Secondary Indexes


Clustering Indexes

  • Clustering Indexes are used when the ordering index is not a field where each value is unique.
  • An entry in the clustering index is composed of a SINGLE entry for each distinct value in the clustering field and its respective file block pointer.